Mass media, modernity, and development : Arab states of the Gulf / Fayad E. Kazan ; foreword by Frederick Frey.

Includes bibliographical references (p. [269]-279) and index.

1. MODERNIZATION, DEVELOPMENT, DEPENDENCY, AND MASS COMMUNICATION : Origin of Modern Society - The Classical Theory of Modernization - A Critique of the Classical Theory of Modernization - Relevance of the Classical Theory of Modernization ; to the Understanding of Gulf Modernization and Development - The "Mainstream" Theory of Modernization - A Critique of the "Mainstream" Theory of Modernization - Relevance of the "Mainstream" Theory of Modernization to the Understanding of Gulf Modernization and Development - The "Mainstream" Communication Theory of Modernization and Development - A General Critique of the "Mainstream" Communication Theory of Modernization and Development, of the Western Paradigm of Development, and Its Communication Model - The Neo-Marxist Dependency Theory of Underdevelopment - A Critique of the Neo-Marxist Dependency Theory of Underdevelopment - Relevance of the Neo-Marxist Dependency Theory to the Understanding of Gulf Modernization and Development - The New Paradigms of Development - The Neo-Marxist Dependency Theory of Communication - A Critique of the Neo-Marxist Dependency Theory of Communication -- 2. GULF STATES : HUMAN RESOURCES, SOCIOECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND MASS MEDIA STRUCTURE : Human Resources - Politics of Modernization and Social Change in the Gulf - Mass Media in the Gulf - Regional and Foreign Mass Media Exposure in the Gulf -- 3. METHODOLOGY : The Media Scale (MS) - The Media Content Scale (MCS) - The Modernity Scale (OM-12) - The Stress Scale, or Psychosomatic Symptoms Test (PST) - Social-Background-Variable Questionnaire - Reliability and Validity - Sampling -- 4. FINDINGS : Media Exposure and Modernity - Relationships Between Number of Media Utilized and Duration of Time Spent with Media and Modernity - Media Composite Variables and Modernity - Media Content and Modernity - Modernity-Relevant Institutions and Modernity - Media Exposure Differences Between the Very Low and the Very High Modernity Groups - Media Exposure and Stress - The Media Imperialism Thesis - How the Modernizing Role of Education Can Be Diluted: Findings Based on Participant Observation Method -- 5. CONCLUSIONS, MEDIA IMPACT MODEL, PROSPECTS FOR GULF DEVELOPMENT, MEDIA IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS : Media and Modernity - Multimedia Exposure and Travel as Related to Modernity Levels - Institutional Role Conflict and Modernity - Media and Stress - A Mass Media Impact Model - Explaining Mass Media Impact on Modernity in the Gulf - Summary - Prospects for Gulf Modernization and Development and the Role of Mass Media in That Regard - Generalizability of the Findings - Recommendations - Policy Recommendations - Toward New Paradigms of Development -- APPENDIX A. PROFILE OF MEDIA EXPOSURE WITHIN EACH GULF COUNTRY : Radio Services - Television Stations - Video Programs - Newspapers Magazines -- APPENDIX B. CONDUCTING THE FIELD WORK : Initial Contacts - Polishing the Research Instruments - Preparing for the Field Work - Sampling in Practice - Executing the Field Work -- APPENDIX C. THE ANALYSIS TABLES.